![]() Bridge Rectifierīridge rectifier consists of four diodes which are connected in the form a bridge. Due to the advantages of the bridge rectifier over the half and full wave rectifier, the bridge rectifier is frequently used for converting AC to DC. There are different types of rectifiers, such as half-wave rectifier, full-wave rectifier and bridge rectifier. But first and foremost, we must know how to convert AC to DC? AC power can be converted into DC using one of the power electronic converters called as Rectifier. Convert AC to DCĢ30V AC power is converted into 12V AC (12V RMS value wherein the peak value is around 17V), but the required power is 5V DC for this purpose, 17V AC power must be primarily converted into DC power then it can be stepped down to the 5V DC. Transformers works on the principle of Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction. Step-down transformer consists of two windings, namely primary and secondary windings where primary can be designed using a less-gauge wire with more number of turns as it is used for carrying low-current high-voltage power, and the secondary winding using a high-gauge wire with less number of turns as it is used for carrying high-current low-voltage power. 12V output of stepdown transformer is an RMS value and its peak value is given by the product of square root of two with RMS value, which is approximately 17V. 230V AC is converted into 12V AC using a step-down transformer. There are step-up and step-down transformers which are used to step up or step down the voltage levels. The converter with output voltage less than the input voltage is called as a step-down converter, and the converter with output voltage greater than the input voltage is called as step-up converter. ![]() The step-down converters are used for converting the high voltage into low voltage. ![]() Generally the converters with output voltage less than the input voltage are called as step-down converters. For example, the micro-controller based circuits, usually the 5V DC regulated power supply circuits, are used, which can be designed using different techniques for converting the available 230V AC power to 5V DC power. There are different types of power supply circuits based on the power they are used to provide for devices. Power supply circuit, the name itself indicates that this circuit is used to supply the power to other electrical and electronic circuits or devices. If the secondary has fewer turns than the primary, the output voltage across the secondary will be lower and the current will be higher.Power Supply Circuit Step Down Converter Circuit If the secondary has more turns than the primary, the output voltage across the secondary will be higher and the current will be smaller. Generally the ac input line voltage is stepped down to a lower ac voltage with a transformer (although it may be stepped up when higher voltages are needed or there may be no transformer at all in rare instances).Ī transformer changes ac voltages based on the turns ratio between the primary and secondary. ![]() The dc voltage level required depends on the application, but most applications require relatively low voltages.Ī basic block diagram of the complete power supply is shown in Above Figure. The voltage produced is used to power all types of electronic circuits including consumer electronics, computers, industrial controllers, and most laboratory instrumentation systems and equipment. The dc power supply is one of the most common circuits you will find, so it is important to understand how it works. The dc power supply converts the standard AC voltage available at wall outlets into a constant dc voltage. All active electronic devices require a source of constant dc that can be supplied by a battery or a dc power supply. ![]()
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